Applied Microbiology and Beneficial Microbes

Microbial Adaptation to Changing Environments

Microorganisms are masters of adaptation, swiftly adjusting to changing environments. Through mechanisms like mutation and horizontal gene transfer, they acquire new traits that ensure survival. In response to environmental stressors, such as temperature fluctuations or antibiotic exposure, microbes alter their genetic makeup to thrive. This adaptability is evident in extremophiles that inhabit extreme conditions, from acidic hot springs to deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Understanding microbial adaptation not only sheds light on evolutionary processes but also inspires innovations in biotechnology and medicine, offering insights into combating drug resistance and developing resilient crops.