7^th World Conference on Applied Microbiology and Beneficial Microbes February 21-22, 2022 Tokyo, Japan

Biography:

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Aim: This study is aimed at characterization of both antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of R-pyocin from clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa against Gram-positive pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus. Methods and Results: Pyocinogenic P. aeruginosa was detected using reverse-side method, and pyocinogeny typing was confirmed using revised-spotting method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for morphological characterization of R-pyocin and for detection of changes in membrane of R-pyocintreated S. aureus. SDS-PAGE analysis was used for detection of the molecular weight of R-pyocin protein-subunits and Poisson-killing-distribution assay for burstsize calculation. Lipotechoic-acid (LTA) adsorption-assay was used to confirm whether LTA in Gram-positive bacteria served as R-pyocin receptor. Moreover, Rpyocin production at 10–60°C was assessed herein. Host-range of activity of Rpyocin was tested against antimicrobial resistant (AMR) pathogens. The anti-biofilm activity of R-pyocin was detected against sensitive bacterial strains. Chemical, enzymatic, pH and thermo-stability of R-pyocin were evaluated. TEM micrographs revealed a typical morphology of myotailocins indicating the production of R-pyocin designated as RPU15. TEM revealed pores formation in S. aureus membrane, and bacteriophage-like plaques were obvious on plates of R-pyocin-treated S. aureus. Rpyocin activity was neutralized by LTA of S. aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PU15 produced ~428 non-inducible R-pyocin particles. RPU15 sheath and tube protein-subunits exhibited a molecular weight of 38 and 23 kDa, respectively. RPU15 possessed activity against S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans and reduced biofilm-biomasses of tested AMR strains.

Biography:

I have completed my postgraduation at the age of 22 years from Bharathiar university and bachelor’s degree from Mahatma Gandhi university, Kottayam. I have published 4 papers in reputed journals. Now I am doing Phd in microbiology from Manonmaniam sundaranar university,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India .

Abstract:

The development of multi drug resistant uropathogens is a big threat to human race. Infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria are hard to treat. The present study Characterization of bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes antagonistic to urinary tract bacterial pathogens is aims to prove marine actinomycetes have some bioactive compounds which are antagonistic to multi drug resistant uropathogens. In the present study, the uropathogens were collected from urine samples of patients with their consent. Marine actinomycetes were isolated from marine sediments collected from different stations of Poovar coastal region, part of Arabian Sea on the western coast of India using standard microbiological techniques. The isolated strains were subjected to downstream characterization and those showed significant antagonistic activity common uropathogens were subjected to further studies. The isolate PVR9 showed maximum inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli (19mm). Similarly PVR4 showed maximum activity against Klebsiella sp. PVR35 showed maximum activity against Pseudomonas sp. in well diffusion assay. But in disc diffusion method PVR2 is the most potent strain against Pseudomonas sp. Against Acinetobacter sp. PVR9 showed the highest antagonistic activity in both the secondary assays followed by PVR2. PVR4 is the most potent isolate against Klebsiella sp. in both disc and well diffusion methods. These observations showed lime light on the fact that the marine actinomycetes of the tropical area are a good resource of potential bioactive molecules. Further studies on these isolates will help to combat the multi-drug resistance in clinical scenario.

Biography:

Dr. Desalegn Amenu is currently affiliated to College of Natural and Computational Science, Wollega University, Ethiopia, continuing research in the specialized scientific area of Malaria. Dr. Desalegn Amenu is serving as an honorary author for Journal of Medical Microbiology & Diagnosis & other reputed journals and has authored several articles along with chapters in different books related to Malaria

Abstract:

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be defined as gram-positive, acid-tolerant, generally non-sporulating, non-respiring, either rod-shaped (bacilli) or spherical (cocci) bacteria that share common metabolic and physiological characteristics. These bacteria are usually found in decomposing animal and plants sources, produce lactic acid as the major metabolic end product of carbohydrate fermentation. They are frequently distributed in traditional fermented foods and beverages and they are known by producing varieties of bioactive compounds which have effective antagonistic activity against food borne pathogens and spoilage microorganism. Lactic acid bacteria are widely used as probiotics in food industry since they are useful in prevention and treatment of diarrheal diseases.  Probiotics are live microorganisms which have effective antagonistic activity against food borne pathogens and if administered in adequate amounts which can promote the health of the consumer. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and probiotic property of lactic acid bacteria isolated from some selected Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages.  Hence, for this study different types of Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages like( Kotcho, Bulla, Ergo, Shamita, Borde and Bukuri) were collected and transported to Microbiology laboratory (Jimma University, Biology)  for  isolation  and characterization, evaluation of antimicrobial and  probiotic property of LAB isolates. Totally about 180 samples; 30 Kotcho, 30 Bulla, 30 Ergo, 30 Shamita, 30 Borde and 30 Bukuri were collected for isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria. Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria were conducted following their morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular characterizations and to evaluate the probiotic activity of LAB, the tolerance and   survival rate of LAB to different stress condition like low pH, intestinal inhibitor substance, high salt concentration, bile salt, stimulated gastric/ intestinal juice and intestinal inhibitor substance were evaluated. Similarly, antimicrobial activity of LAB isolates were investigated against standard bacteria pathogens; S.aureus, S.Thyphrium, E.coli, P.aurugionsa, K.pnemonia and C. albcans.    A total of 360 LAB isolates were identified from Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverage, 94(26%) of them were isolated from bulla. About, 125 isolates showed good antagonistic activity against selected food borne pathogens, 18 of the isolates showed 60-94% of survival rate to low pH(2,2.5 and 3), bile salt(0.2 and 0.3%), intestinal inhibitor substances( phenol, bile, low acidity, pepsin and pancreatic), and stimulated gastro-intestinal environments. The capacity of the isolates to survive acids, intestinal inhibitor substance and stimulated intestinal condition, and bile salt tolerance, effective antagonistic activities help to have good and more effective antagonistic activity against all selected food borne pathogens.  All the 18 isolates were resistance to Amplicin, Vancomycin, Gentamycin, Kanamycin, Clindamycin and chloramphenicol, while they were susceptible to Streptomycin and Tetracycline the morphological, biochemical and physiological, carbohydrate utilization characterization and test were performed, accordingly the isolates were grouped under Lactobacillus species(75%), followed by lactococcus and pedioccoccus species. 

All the isolates, 18LAB strains, were found to be the most potential Lactic acid bacteria So, and they were selected as potential probiotic LAB that can be  applied as best starter culture and bio-preservative for the enhancement food shelf life. On other hands, the outcome of these studied parameters were  used as input data for a principal component analysis (PCA) to select the most promising isolate and the isolates were identified through 16S rDNA sequencing. This study provided a basis for the selection of antimicrobial peptides and the development and utilization of LAB for their potential antimicrobial activity and probiotic activity.

Biography:

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Biography:

Dr. Dinebari P. Berebon completed his PhD at the age of 39 years from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. He is a lecturer in Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. He has published more than 13 papers reputed journals and has served as reviewer to most reputed journals in his areas of specialization.

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Molecular identification of probiotics from traditional functional foods (Okpeye, Ogiri, Ukpaka, yoghurt, Pap or Akamu or ogi) were done. The probionts were identified microscopically, phenotypically and biochemically using standard microbiological methods. Based on the 16S rDNA gene sequences, 17 of the 25 probionts were assigned GenBank accession numbers MW672177 to MW672193 inclusive. Eight of the probionts corresponded to no similarity. Sequencing results identified probionts belonging to four taxa of LAB as Lactobacillus spp (7), Bacillus spp (5), Pediococcus spp (4) and Streptococcus spp (1) corresponding to P7 (Lb. brevis MW672178), P9 (Lb. plantarum MW672179), P10 (Lb. paracasei MW672180), OK14 (L. brevis MW672185), OK15 (L. plantarum MW672186), U20 (Lb. fermentum MW672188), Y13 (Lb. brevis MW672191); O19 (B. cereus MW672182), O20 (B. cereus MW672183), U10 (B. cereus MW672187), U13 (B. cereus MW672193), Y11 (B. cereus MW672189); P16 (P. pentosaceus MW672181), OK1 (P. pentosaceus MW672184), Y12 (P. pentosaceus MW672190), Y16 (P. pentosaceus MW672192) and P2 (S. thermophiles MW672177) respectively. The probionts were highly tolerant to 4.5 and 6.5 % w/v NaCl. The probionts retained viability in the presence to pH 2.5 and 0.3 % bile salt at an infinitesimal reduction of cell viability ranging from 0.31 – 0.89 % cfu/ml and 0.08 – 6.04 % cfu/ml respectively. The absence of bile salt hydrolase in all probionts suggest the isolates were sampled from non - bile environment. The result showed that probionts possesses basic in vitro probiotic traits sine qua non for survival potentials in the gastrointestinal tract.

Biography:

Dr. Muhammad Tahir has completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

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Plant beneficial rhizobacteria (PBR) improve salt tolerance and plant yield in vegetable plants by producing ACC-deaminase, indole-3-acetic acid, and phosphate solubilization. Carrier materials are needed to ensure the PBR's uniform application, distribution, survival, and functioning in a variety of fields. Selection of a suitable organic-based carrier material for the application of the PBR in normal and saline soils always has received less attention. The current study compared the PBR suitability of different organic-based carrier materials (biochar, biogas residues and coconut powder) and evaluated their effects on okra productivity under normal and saline soil conditions.

In a pot experiment, the PBR strain was applied with/or without organic-based carrier materials to okra grown in three different soils: S1 (EC 1.0 dS m-1), S2 (EC 3.0 dS m-1), and S3 (EC 5.0 dS m-1). The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replicates in factorial arrangement. Results indicated that in soil S1, PBR + biogas residues (BGR) increased the number of pods per plant, plant dry weight and indole compounds by 64, 68 and 17% while reduced the electrolyte leakage (ELL), malonaldehyde (MDA) contents and stress ethylene level by 17, 55 and 38%, respectively over the PBR application without any carrier. Similarly, in soil S2, the treatment PBR+BGR increased the number of pods by 81%, plant dry weight by 40% and indole compounds by 13% while reduced the ELL by 17%, MDA contents by 50% and stress ethylene by 30% over the PBR alone treatment. In soil S3, PBR+ biochar increased the number of pods by 51%, plant dry weight by 62% and indole compounds by 20% while reduced the ELL by 21%, MDA by 40% and indole compounds by 54% over the PBR alone treatment.

Results concluded that in soil S1 and S2 (normal soils), BGR as carrier for PBR showed best results, while in soil S3, biochar as carrier for PBR resulted in enhanced potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca+2) uptake and increased the productivity of okra.

Response of different carrier materials in supporting PBR under different soil conditions was variable. This study will help in selection and use of best suitable carrier material for PBR application under different soil conditions.

Biography:

Sadhna Mishra has completed her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in Plant Biotechnology (Title of thesis: Development of Herbal Yogurt Incorporated with Encapsulated Caesalpinia bonducella Seed Extract) from the Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. She has been working with Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura since August 2021. She has published 17 publications till now and also working as a subject matter specialist at Chegg.com. The present research criteria on which she is working are -Green nanotechnology, Encapsulation technology, mycotoxins, Diabetics, Plant growth hormones etc. She has been serving as a annual member of AFST

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to optimize the process for the preparation of herbal yogurt incorporated with encapsulated and non-encapsulated Caesalpinia bonducella seeds extract. Yogurt is considered a highly valuable food product which is produced by the symbiotic association between the culture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. The process of ultrasonication was used for extraction followed by encapsulation using a spray drier. Extracts were encapsulated (to enhance their endurance and hydrophilicity) by spray-drying (at optimized 160 ÌŠC inlet and 80 ÌŠC outlet temperatures), using an optimized 1:2 ratio of sodium alginate cross linked with inulin as wall material (coating material). The optimized aqueous encapsulated and non-encapsulated extract were used for incorporation into yogurt and then optimization of yogurt based on antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents, sensory and texture analysis. The sample of herbal yogurt with 3% fat and 2% aqueous extract had highest values of % DPPH inhibition (88.82%), ABTS inhibition activity (93.23%), SOSA (85.54%) and TPC (25.77 mg GA eq./g) among other variants. Employment of encapsulated C. bonducella seed extract in yogurts enhanced their textural characteristics. Sensorial evaluation of yogurts with encapsulated extract had an enhanced body, appearance, and smoother texture than yogurts with non-encapsulated extract. Although the antioxidant activity and phenolic contents of yogurt containing non encapsulated extract are higher the sensorial evaluations of the 3% fat yogurt with 2% encapsulated extract was best among all. The total polyphenolic contents increased proportionally with increasing levels of encapsulated as well as non-encapsulated extract.

Biography:

Anuradha Singh has completed his PhD at the age of 32 years from JIIT Noida. She is a Professor and Division Chair of  Department of Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India. She has around 5 years of  industrial experience and 6.5 years of teaching experience and published more than 11 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviewer and an editorial board member of repute.

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A. paeoniifolius commonly known as elephant foot yam is an underutilized, highly potential tropical tuber crop contains good source of protein as well as starch.The purpose of this study was to isolate and evaluate the physiochemical properties of flour and value addition of floor by different product formation like starch, Resistant starch and bread. The proximate composition of this composite flour along with the sensory evaluation, quality attributes, organoleptic properties of the baked bread was done.  Nutritional analysis revealed that the flour is fat and cholesterol free, high in fibre and may be suitable for celiac disease patients. Proximate composition of flour had 4.72 % moisture content, 4.0 % Total ash and 2.0 % acid insoluble ash. Dough raising capability in the presence of yeast was comparable to the control flour. Bread had 2.49 g /100 g total dietary fibre and 1158.42 mg/100 g of calcium content. It was also shelf stable for 6 days as the mould count was found to be less than 10 cfu/g. starch from Elephant foot yam. Establishing the quality characteristics of shelf-stable flour and starch from A. paeoniifolius will facilitate various industrial applications of the crop. These results indicate that the flour, starch and other processed prodcuts  from A. paeoniifolius will be useful in selecting this underutilized crop for future applications and various possible uses for development of new acceptable food products and enhance its commercial potential.

Biography:

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